Normal Birth
(Vaginal) Normal Birth General
In our previous articles, we defined birth as the act of coming out of the womb, where the baby, who has completed its development, can no longer stand. After completing its development, the baby is ready to be born after completing its 36th week in the mother's womb, and these births that take place from the 36th week to the 40th week can be called temporal (vaginal) normal births. Therefore, deliveries that take place on time and in which the mother and baby complete the pregnancy process in a healthy way, whether it is a Cesarean or Vaginal Birth, are (Vaginal) Normal Births in this sense. Because it happened at the time of birth, and both the mother and the baby survived this process in a healthy way. However, cesarean section, which is the process of removing the baby from the mother's womb with an incision, is a fairly new method of delivery. Before this technique, women have been giving birth naturally, that is, vaginally, for thousands of years. In fact, what is meant by (Vaginal) Normal Birth among the people is natural birth, that is, the act of giving birth to the baby through the vaginal canal, in other words, vaginal birth. In this article, when we talk about (Vaginal) Normal Birth, what we mean is Vaginal Birth. We have given general information about birth quite extensively in our Birth article. In this article, we will discuss the vaginal birth process, which we call (Vaginal) Normal Birth, in more detail.
Normal Birth Process and Stages
(Vaginal) Normal Birth
(Vaginal) Normal Birth is considered to consist of three stages:
1 stage; It is the stage that starts with labor contractions and ends with the opening of the cervix until the baby can leave the uterus. This longest phase can last for approximately 12-18 hours in first pregnancies and 6-9 hours in subsequent pregnancies. However, it should not be forgotten that the period of delivery can show very serious changes from pregnant to pregnant and from birth to birth. In addition, this stage consists of two phases, 'latent' and active.
Stage 2; It is the stage that ends with the birth of the baby passing through the birth canal and where the pregnant actively participates in the birth. This stage can last from about half an hour to two hours in first pregnancies, and from a few minutes to two hours in subsequent pregnancies.
Stage 3; It is the stage where the placenta is thrown out of the body and the birth ends, this stage can take place between 5-30 minutes.
Normal Birth Stage 1
1.Part-Latent Stage: This stage, in which the cervix, also called the cervix, is opened by 3-4 cm, is actually the longest stage of (Vaginal) Normal Birth, and it may take much shorter in pregnancies after 6-10 hours in the first pregnancies. This initial part of the birth, which varies from woman to woman and from birth to birth, can start very calmly and show very severe symptoms. In some women, the cervix begins to open easily without severe pain, while in some women, the cervix may not open at all, despite very severe contractions. However, in most women, even after hours, at the end of this process, the cervix becomes thinner and softer and reaches an opening of more than three centimeters. At this stage, contractions are relatively soft and irregular, occurring every 5 to 30 minutes and lasting between half an hour and 45 minutes. In this process, pinkish discharge (due to the opening of the cervix plug) and slight pressure in the abdomen may be felt. The arrival of birth water can be seen at this stage as well as at other stages.
2.Part Active Stage: This stage is like a serious preliminary preparation before the next stage and most of the pregnant women go into labor well due to the increasing and intensifying pains in this stage. While this stage may last for 6-8 hours in the first births, this period can be reduced to half in subsequent births. In this phase, contractions begin to come more regularly, frequently and intensely. The frequency of contractions is reduced to 3-5 minutes. The pains are concentrated in the abdomen, hips and legs and can sometimes increase to the extent that it interferes with speech. Pinkish-brown discharge and bleeding may be seen. Towards the end of this stage, where the cervix is trying to reach the level that the baby can pass through (about 10 cm), contractions decrease to 1-3 minutes. Weakness, chills, and nausea may occur at this stage. At the same time, a strong pressure down the abdomen or stinging towards the anus area may be felt. However, since the cervix has not yet fully opened, it is not desirable for the pregnant woman to strain at this stage. At this stage, the breathing and relaxation exercises given in pregnancy education will be beneficial to some extent.
Normal Birth Stage 2
This stage, which we can also call the pushing stage, begins with the complete opening of the cervix. This process, which can take between half an hour and two hours in the first birth, can take place in a wide range between a few minutes and two hours in subsequent births. At this stage, where the pregnant woman will probably be very overwhelmed, the doctor or midwife will instruct the pregnant woman to push as soon as the cervix is opened. At this stage, the pregnant woman gives birth actively with straining.
It can be caused by the space between the pelvis bones, called ti, being narrower than normal, or it can be caused by the baby being larger than normal. In this case, cesarean section is inevitable.
In addition to all these;
The baby has trouble due to lack of oxygen during birth, or in such a case, the baby's stool, called meconium,
Having repeated cesarean sections before,
The mother has ailments such as pre-eclampsia or gestational hypertension,
If the mother has active genital herpes HPV lesions, and
In some cases of vaginismus, pregnant women may have to be delivered by cesarean section.
Roof Inspection:
Finally, if we examine the relationship between roof stenosis and cesarean section again. Obstetricians and Gynecologists perform roof examination in the last weeks of pregnancy in order to plan whether the pregnancy will be normal or cesarean section. Roof examination is a manual gynecological examination in which the pelvic bones of the pregnant woman are evaluated by the physician in the last weeks of pregnancy whether they are suitable for normal delivery. If, as a result of the roof examination, the physician decides that the pregnant woman has a narrowing of the roof, the option of cesarean section is directly passed without trying any normal birth. Therefore, if the pregnant woman does not have narrowness of the roof, this is a sign that normal delivery can occur. However, the roof inspection cannot give a 100% guarantee in this regard, because the patient may be taken to a cesarean delivery for other reasons.
cesarean section anesthesiology
Although childbirth is a natural process, it is a painful and difficult process. For this reason, TIP has been thinking about how this procedure can be performed more painlessly. Although cesarean birth, which is an operation, has been performed by applying anesthesia methods from the past to the present, normal births with anesthesia (Regional anesthesia) and its widespread use are developments that can be considered new.
Cesarean delivery is actually a kind of surgical operation, so anesthesia is inevitable. In this type of birth, the method that has been used since before is general anesthesia. Here the patient is completely unconscious. However, with the development of anesthesia methods, regional anesthesia methods are more preferred in cesarean section recently. According to the patient's condition and the decision of the anesthesiologist, the regional methods, spinal, epidural and combi, which consists of a mixture of two methods, can be applied to pregnant women who have had a Caesarean section.
CESEREAN BIRTH LIMIT
Unlike normal birth, Caesarean section is not a method in which a woman can give birth continuously throughout her childbearing age. Cesarean section is a type of surgery after all, and like any surgery, it has serious risks. These are risks such as injuries to the abdominal organs, intra-abdominal adhesions that may cause infertility, bleeding and infection. These risks increase as the number of cesarean sections increases. For this reason, it is recommended that cesarean deliveries should not exceed 3-4 deliveries. Although these numbers can be exceeded today, it should not be forgotten that the risks increase with the number.
